What political party would I be categorized as?

Well, you sound pretty libertarian, I would say a Right Libertarian for the exact terms. Your stances on welfare, income tax, and a strict Constitutional view are conservative. Your views on the Patriot Act are Liberal and are libertarian. Your views on health care and immigration are also conservative. My views differ, but by the sharing of the Patriot Act and a few other stances I can tell that you are not Liberal or a Moderate by much, mostly a Conservative Libertarian of the Republican Party, but this doesn't mean you even have to be part of a party.